Jona
(a dove) (Greek form of Jonah), the father of the apostle Peter, (John 1:42) who is hence addressed as Simon Barjona (i.e. son of Jona) in (Matthew 16:17)
=Jehon'adab.
1. The son of Rechab, and founder of the Rechabites (q.v.), 2 Kings 10:15; Jeremiah 35:6, 10.
2. The son of Shimeah, David's brother (2 Samuel 13:3). He was "a very subtil man."
who gives liberally
1. Nephew of David:
His complicity with Amnon in his rape of Tamar
2 Samuel 13:3-5
Comforts David on death of Amnon
2 Samuel 13:32-35
2. Called Jehonadab:
A Rechabite and companion of Jehu
2 Kings 10:15-23
His sons refuse to drink wine in obedience to his command
Jeremiah 35:5-10; Jeremiah 35:16-19
Rechabites
(whom Jehovah impels).
- Son of Shimeah and nephew of David. (B.C. 1033.) He is described as "very subtle." (2 Samuel 13:3) His age naturally made him the friend of his cousin Amnon, heir to the throne. (2 Samuel 13:3) He gave him the fatal advice for ensnaring his sister Tamar. ch (2 Samuel 13:5,6) Again, when, in a later stage of the same tragedy, Amnon was murdered by Absalom, and the exaggerated report reached David that all the princes were slaughtered, Jonadab was already aware of the real state of the case. (2 Samuel 13:32,33)
- (Jeremiah 35:6,8,10,14,16,18,19) [JEHONADAB]
A dove, the son of Amittai of Gath-hepher. He was a prophet of Israel, and predicted the restoration of the ancient boundaries (2 Kings 14:25-27) of the kingdom. He exercised his ministry very early in the reign of Jeroboam II., and thus was contemporary with Hosea and Amos; or possibly he preceded them, and consequently may have been the very oldest of all the prophets whose writings we possess. His personal history is mainly to be gathered from the book which bears his name. It is chiefly interesting from the two-fold character in which he appears, (1) as a missionary to heathen Nineveh, and (2) as a type of the "Son of man."
or Jonas, a dove; he that oppresses; destroyer
Called also Jonas.
A prophet of Israel
2 Kings 14:25
Sent by God to warn Nineveh
Jonah 1:1-2
Disobedience and punishment of
Jonah 1:3-17
Repentance and deliverance of
Jonah 2:1-10; Matthew 12:40
Brought Ninevites to repentance
Jonah 3:1-10; Matthew 12:41
Displeased with God's mercy to Nineveh; reproved
Jonah 4:1-11
Is a sign
Matthew 16:4; Luke 11:29-30
(dove), the fifth of the minor prophets, was the son of Amittai, and a native of Gath-hepher. (2 Kings 14:25) He flourished in or before the reign of Jeroboam II., about B.C. 820. Having already, as it seems, prophesied to Isr'l, he was sent to Nineveh. The time was one of political revival in Isr'l; but ere long the Assyrians were to be employed by God as a scourge upon them. The prophet shrank from a commission which he felt sure would result, (Jonah 4:2) in the sparing of a hostile city. He attempted therefore to escape to Tarshish. The providence of God, however, watched over him, first in a storm, and then in his being swallowed by a large fish (a sea monster, probably the white shark) for the space of three days and three nights. [On this subject see article WHALE] After his deliverance, Jonah executed his commission; and the king, "believing him to be a minister form the supreme deity of the nation," and having heard of his miraculous deliverance, ordered a general fast, and averted the threatened judgment. But the prophet, not from personal but national feelings, grudged the mercy shown to a heathen nation. He was therefore taught by the significant lesson of the "gourd," whose growth and decay brought the truth at once home to him, that he was sent to testify by deed, as other prophets would afterward testify by word, the capacity of Gentiles for salvation, and the design of God to make them partakers of it. This was "the sign of the prophet Jonas." (Luke 11:29,30) But the resurrection of Christ itself was also shadowed forth in the history of the prophet. (Matthew 12:39,41; 16:4) The mission of Jonah was highly symbolical. The facts contained a concealed prophecy. The old tradition made the burial-place of Jonah to be Gath-hepher; the modern tradition places it at Nebi-Yunus , opposite Mosul.
This book professes to give an account of what actually took place in the experience of the prophet. Some critics have sought to interpret the book as a parable or allegory, and not as a history. They have done so for various reasons. Thus (1) some reject it on the ground that the miraculous element enters so largely into it, and that it is not prophetical but narrative in its form; (2) others, denying the possibility of miracles altogether, hold that therefore it cannot be true history.
Jonah and his story is referred to by our Lord (Matthew 12:39, 40; Luke 11:29), a fact to which the greatest weight must be attached. It is impossible to interpret this reference on any other theory. This one argument is of sufficient importance to settle the whole question. No theories devised for the purpose of getting rid of difficulties can stand against such a proof that the book is a veritable history.
There is every reason to believe that this book was written by Jonah himself. It gives an account of (1) his divine commission to go to Nineveh, his disobedience, and the punishment following (1:1-17); (2) his prayer and miraculous deliverance (1:17-2:10); (3) the second commission given to him, and his prompt obedience in delivering the message from God, and its results in the repentance of the Ninevites, and God's long-sparing mercy toward them (ch. 3); (4) Jonah's displeasure at God's merciful decision, and the rebuke tendered to the impatient prophet (ch. 4). Nineveh was spared after Jonah's mission for more than a century. The history of Jonah may well be regarded "as a part of that great onward movement which was before the Law and under the Law; which gained strength and volume as the fulness of the times drew near.", Perowne's Jonah.
(gift or grace of God), the form given to JONAN in the Revised Version of (Luke 3:30)
a dove; multiplying of the people
An ancestor of Christ.
Luke 3:30
(perhaps a contraction of Johnana, gift or grace of God), son of Eliakim, in the genealogy of Christ. (Luke 3:30) (B.C. before 876.)
1. Greek form of Jonah (Matthew 12:39, 40, 41, etc.).
2. The father of the apostles Peter (John 21:15-17) and Andrew; but the reading should be (also in 1:42), as in the Revised Version, "John," instead of Jonas.
(a dove).
- The prophet Jonah. (Matthew 12:39,40,41; 16:4)
- Father of Peter. (John 21:15-17) [JONA]
Whom Jehovah gave, the name of fifteen or more persons that are mentioned in Scripture. The chief of these are,
1. A Levite descended from Gershom (Judges 18:30). His history is recorded in 17:7-13 and 18:30. The Rabbins changed this name into Manasseh "to screen the memory of the great lawgiver from the stain of having so unworthy an apostate among his near descendants." He became priest of the idol image at Dan, and this office continued in his family till the Captivity.
2. The eldest son of king Saul, and the bosom friend of David. He is first mentioned when he was about thirty years of age, some time after his father's accession to the throne (1 Samuel 13:2). Like his father, he was a man of great strength and activity (2 Samuel 1:23), and excelled in archery and slinging (1 Chronicles 12:2;2 Samuel 1:22). The affection that evidently subsisted between him and his father was interrupted by the growth of Saul's insanity. At length, "in fierce anger," he left his father's presence and cast in his lot with the cause of David (1 Samuel 20:34). After an eventful career, interwoven to a great extent with that of David, he fell, along with his father and his two brothers, on the fatal field of Gilboa (1 Samuel 31:2, 8). He was first buried at Jabesh-gilead, but his remains were afterwards removed with those of his father to Zelah, in Benjamin (2 Samuel 21:12-14). His death was the occasion of David's famous elegy of "the Song of the Bow" (2 Samuel 1:17-27). He left one son five years old, Merib-baal, or Mephibosheth (2 Samuel 4:4; comp. 1 Chronicles 8:34).
3. Son of the high priest Abiathar, and one who adhered to David at the time of Absalom's rebellion (2 Samuel 15:27, 36). He is the last descendant of Eli of whom there is any record.
4. Son of Shammah, and David's nephew, and also one of his chief warriors (2 Samuel 21:21). He slew a giant in Gath.
given of God
1. A Levite of Bethlehem, who becomes a priest for Micah; accepts idolatry; joins the Danites
Judges 17:7-13; Jude 18:1-30
2. Son of Saul:
General references
1 Samuel 14:49
Victory of:
Over the Philistine garrison of Geba
1 Samuel 13:3-4; 1 Samuel 13:16
Over Philistines at Michmash
1 Samuel 14:1-18
Under Saul's curse pronounced against any who might take food before he was avenged of his enemies
1 Samuel 14:24-30; 1 Samuel 14:43
Rescued by the people
1 Samuel 14:43-45
Love of, for David
1 Samuel 18:1-4; 1 Samuel 19:1-7; 1 Samuel 9:20; 1 Samuel 23:16-18
Killed in battle with Philistines
1 Samuel 31:2; 1 Samuel 31:6; 1 Chronicles 10:2; 2 Samuel 21:12-14
Buried by inhabitants of Jabesh-Gilead
1 Samuel 31:11-13
Mourned by David
2 Samuel 1:12; 2 Samuel 1:17-27
Son of, cared for by David
2 Samuel 4:4; 2 Samuel 9:1-13; 1 Chronicles 8:34
3. Son of Abiathar:
General references
2 Samuel 15:27
Acts as spy for David
2 Samuel 15:27-28; 2 Samuel 17:17-22
Informs Adonijah of Solomon's succession to David
1 Kings 1:42-48
4. Nephew of David, slays a giant, and becomes one of David's chief warriors
2 Samuel 21:21; 1 Chronicles 20:7
5. One of David's heroes
2 Samuel 23:32; 1 Chronicles 11:34
6. A son of Jada
1 Chronicles 2:32-33
7. Secretary of the cabinet of David
1 Chronicles 27:32
8. Father of Ebed
Ezra 8:6
9. Son of Asahel
Ezra 10:15
10. Called Johanan, a descendant of Jeshua
Nehemiah 12:11; Nehemiah 12:22
11. Name of two priests
Nehemiah 12:14; Nehemiah 12:35
12. A scribe
Jeremiah 37:15; Jeremiah 37:20; Jeremiah 38:26
13. Son of Kareah
Jeremiah 40:8
that is, "the gift of Jehovah, " the eldest son of King Saul. (B.C. about 1095-1056.) He was a man of great strength and activity. (2 Samuel 1:23) He was also famous as a warrior, (1 Chronicles 12:2) as is shown by the courage he showing in attacking the garrison of the Philistines, in company with is armor-bearer only, slaying twenty men and putting an army to flight. (1 Samuel 14:6-16) During the pursuit, Jonathan, who had not heard of the rash curse, ch. (1 Samuel 14:24) which Saul invoked on any one who ate before the evening, tasted the honey which lay on the ground. Saul would have sacrificed him; but the people interposed in behalf of the hero of that great day, and Jonathan was saved. ch. (1 Samuel 14:24-45) The chief interest of Jonathan's career is derived from the friendship with David, which began on the day of David's return from the victory over the champion of Gath, and continued till his death. Their last meeting was in and forest of Ziph, during Saul's pursuit of David. (1 Samuel 23:16-18) From this time forth we hear no more till the battle of Gilboa. In that battle he fell. (1 Samuel 31:2,8) (B.C. 1056.) his ashes were buried first at Jabesh-gilead, ch. (1 Samuel 31:13) but were afterward removed with those of his father to Zelah in Benjamin. (2 Samuel 21:12) The news of his death occasioned the celebrated elegy of David. He left a son, Mephibosheth. [MEPHIBOSHETH]
- A nephew of David. (2 Samuel 21:21; 1 Chronicles 20:7) He engaged in single combat with and slew a gigantic Philistine of Gath. (2 Samuel 21:21) (B.C. 1018.)
- The son of Abiathar, the high priest, is the last descendant of Eli of whom we hear anything. (2 Samuel 15:36; 17:15-21; 1 Kings 1:42,43) (B.C. 1023.)
- One of David's heroes. (2 Samuel 23:32; 1 Chronicles 11:34)
- The son or descendant of Gershom the son of Moses. (Judges 18:30) [MICAH] (B.C. about 1425.)
- One of the Bene-Adin. (Ezra 8:6)
- A priest, the son of Asahel, in the time of Ezra. (Ezra 10:15) (B.C. 459.)
- A priest of the family of Melieu. (Nehemiah 12:14)
- One of the sons of Kareah, and brother of Johanan. (Jeremiah 40:8) (B.C. 587.)
- Son of Joiada, and his successor in the high priesthood. (Nehemiah 12:11,22,23) (B.C. before 332.)
- Father of Zechariah, a priest who blew the trumpet at the dedication of the wall. (Nehemiah 12:35)
- 1 Esdr. 8.32. [No. 6] (B.C. 446.)
Dove of the dumbness of the distance; i.e., "the silent dove in distant places", title of Psalms 56. This was probably the name of some well known tune or melody to which the psalm was to be sung.
(a dumb love of (in) distant places), a phrase found once only in the Bible, as a heading to the 56th psalm. Aben Ezra, who regards Jonath-elem-rechokim as merely indicating the modulation or the rhythm of the psalm, appears to come the nearest to the meaning of the passage.