King James Bible Dictionary

The Greek form of the name of several Persian kings.

1. The king who obstructed the rebuilding of the temple (Ezra 4:7). He was probably the Smerdis of profane history.

2. The king mentioned in Ezra 7:1, in the seventh year (B.C. 458) of whose reign Ezra led a second colony of Jews back to Jerusalem, was probably Longimanus, who reigned for forty years (B.C. 464-425); the grandson of Darius, who, fourteen years later, permitted Nehemiah to return and rebuild Jerusalem.

the silence of light; fervent to spoil

1. A Persian king, probably identical with Ahasuerus. Prohibits the rebuilding of Jerusalem
Ezra 4:7-24

2. King of Persia. Decrees of, in behalf of the Jews
Ezra 15:7; Ezra 16:2; Nehemiah 5:14

(the great warrior).

1. The first Artaxerxes is mentioned in (Ezra 4:7) and appears identical with Smerdis, the Magian impostor and pretended brother of Cambyses, who usurped the throne B.C. 522, and reigned eight months.
2. In (Nehemiah 2:1) we have another Artaxerxes. We may safely identify him with Artaxerxes Macrocheir or Longimanus, the son of Xerxces, who reigned B.C. 464-425.